Ka taea te whakarōpū i ngā āhuatanga taiao motuhake o ngā motuka ki ngā wāhanga matua e rua i runga i te āhua o ngā āhuatanga taiao: ngā taiao āhuarangi taiao me ngā taiao ahumahi. Ko ngā taiao āhuarangi taiao ko ngā taiao pārūrū, moana, makariri, whenua me ngā papa whenua; ko ngā taiao ahumahi ko ngā taiao waikura, ngā taiao pahū, ngā pāmahana teitei me te iti, ngā pēhanga teitei me te iti, ngā matūriki totoka me te puehu, te irahiko kaha-teitei me ngā kawenga miihini motuhake, me ētahi atu. Te awe o ngā taiao motuhake ki te whakamarumaru motuka.
Te awe o te pāmahana
Nā te pāmahana teitei o te taiao e pā ana ki te marara wera o te motuka, ka heke te kaha whakaputa. Ko te pānga kaha o te pāmahana teitei me ngā hihi ultraviolet ka tere ake te koroheketanga o ngā rauemi whakamahana. I ngā wāhi maroke me te wera, ka heke te haumākū whanaunga ki te 3%. Ka maroke, ka miro, ka hē te āhua, ka pakaru ngā rauemi whakamahana i te pāmahana teitei me te maroke. Ka ngawari te pāmahana teitei ki te ngaro o te matū kohua. Ka whakapakeke, ka pakarukaru, ka pakarukaru te rapa me te kirihou i te pāmahana iti, ā, ka tio te hinu whakahinuhinu me te wai whakamatao.
Te nui o te haumākū me te pānga o te makuku
Ka taea e te haumākū nui te hanga i ngā kiriata wai ki runga i te mata. Ina neke atu te haumākū i te 95%, ka whakatōtōhia ngā pata wai ki roto i te motuka, ka ngawari ai ngā wāhanga whakarewa ki te waikura, ka ngawari hoki te mimiti me te pirau o te hinu whakahinuhinu, ā, ka pupuhi ētahi rauemi whakamahana nā te mimiti makuku, ka ngawari rānei, ka piri. Ka heke te mahi ā-pūkaha me te hiko, ā, he nui te tūponotanga o te pakaru o te whakamahana me te mura o te mata.
Te awe o te pokepokea ai
I roto i te taiao pāmahana teitei me te haumākū teitei, ko te mea tino pea ka tupu te harore. Ka taea e ngā hinu o te harore te waikura i ngā konganuku me ngā rauemi whakamahana, ka tere te tawhito o te whakamahana, ka arahi hoki ki ngā aituā ara iahiko poto.
Puehu me ngā matūriki onepu
Ko te puehu (tae atu ki te puehu ahumahi) e pā ana ki ngā matūriki he whānui mai i te 1 ki te 150 maikiromita; ko te puehu onepu e pā ana ki ngā matūriki kuata he whānui mai i te 10 ki te 1000 maikiromita. Ina kohia te puehu me ngā putunga onepu ki runga i te mata whakamarumaru, ka heke te mahi whakamarumaru hiko nā te mimiti makuku, ā, ko te puehu kawe hiko he nui ake te tūponotanga ka puta he turuturu whakamarumaru, he aituā ara iahiko poto rānei. He ngāwari te pirau o ngā puehu waikura waikawa me te kawakore, ka puta he waikura o ngā wāhanga whakarewa me ngā wāhanga whakamarumaru. Ina uru te puehu me te onepu ki roto i te motuka, ka raru pea ngā miihini me te pakaru o ngā wāhanga. Mēnā he nui te nui, ka ārai i te paipa hau, ka pā ki te hauhautanga me te marara o te wera. Nō reira, mō ngā motuka e whakamahia ana i ngā wāhi puehu ahumahi me ngā rohe puehu onepu o waho, me mahi ngā mahi hei ārai i te onepu me te puehu.
Te awe o te rehu tote
Ina pā mai ngā ngaru pōrearea o te moana ki te takutai toka, ka pupuhi ngā pata wai ka huri hei kohu, ka tomo ki te rangi. Ko ēnei matūriki wai pūhaumāota e iri ana i te rangi ka kiia ko te kohu tote. Ka hangaia e te kohu tote he irahiko i runga i ngā mata whakamahana me ngā mata whakarewa, ka tere ake te tukanga waikura, ā, ka pā kino ki te mahi whakamahana. Hei tauira, ka puta pea he rerenga korona me te pikinga o te ia turuturu.
Ngā tūponotanga o ngā pepeke me ngā mea ririki
I ngā rohe pārūrū, he tino kino te kino i puta mai i ngā pepeke me ngā mea ririki. I tētahi taha, ka hanga kōhanga rātou i roto i ngā mīhini hiko, ka waiho i ngā tūpāpaku, ka ārai i ngā mīhini; i tētahi atu taha, ka ngau rātou i te whakamahana, ka kai rānei i ngā rauemi whakamahana, ka hua ake he hapa ara iahiko poto. Ina koa ko ngā moko, ngā pōpokorua kai rakau, ngā kiore, me ngā nakahi ngā mea tino kino.
Hau waikura
I ngā wāhi whakaputa o te umanga matū (tae atu ki ngā maina, ngā maniua, ngā rongoā, te rapa, me ētahi atu), he nui te nuinga o ngā hau pērā i te chlorine, te hauwai pūhaumāota, te whanariki hauhā, te hauota hauota, te haukini, te hauwai whanariki, me ētahi atu. Ahakoa he iti noa te waikura i te hau maroke (me te taumata whakaranu whanaunga teitei iho i te 70%), ka puta he hau waikawa, he kawakore rānei i te hau makuku. I te nuinga o te wā, ina kāore anō te haumākū whanaunga o te hau kia eke ki te mātotoru, ā, kei te mata o te hua te haukū, ka tere ake te waikura o ngā wāhanga me ngā wāhanga whakarewa me te hekenga o te mahi whakamahana. Nō reira, ko te pānga o ngā hau waikura ki ngā hua motuka e whakawhirinaki ana ki te haumākū o te hau, te āhua me te kukū o ngā hau waikura.
Te pēhanga o te hau
I ngā wāhi teitei (neke atu i te 1000 mita), nā te hekenga o te mātotoru o te hau i te pikinga o te teitei, ka pā ki te pikinga o te pāmahana o te motuka me te hekenga o te putanga. Ka heke anō hoki te ngaohiko tīmatanga o te korona i roto i ngā motuka ngaohiko teitei. Mena ka roa te wā e mahi ana te motuka me te korona, ka pā ki te roa o te mahi me te haumaru o te motuka. Hei tāpiri, he pānga nui ngā huringa o te teitei ki te whakawhiti DC me te kakahu paraihe. I roto i ngā hauhautanga kāore he makuku me te hāora (ina koa ko te makuku), ka puhoi te tere o te hanganga o ngā kiriata parahi waikura i runga i te mata whakawhiti, kāore e taea te taurite ki te kakahu, ā, ka heke te huringa me te pikinga o te kakahu paraihe.
Pūngao nui
Ka taea e ngā hihi kaha-teitei (pērā i ngā irahiko, ngā porotoni, ngā hihi-Y rānei mai i te irahiko karihi) te neke i ngā ngota o tētahi matū, ka hua ake he hapa whatunga me te hanganga o ngā takirua ngota āputa-kore, ka puta ai he kino o te irahiko ki te hanganga rauemi. Hei tāpiri, ina pāngia tētahi matū e te irahiko, ka wehe ngā irahiko i ō rātou porowhita, ka puta he takirua irahiko-pōhatu, ka ngāwari ai te matū ki te ionization. Ko te pānga o te irahiko ki ngā rauemi ārai e whakawhirinaki ana ki te momo me te horopeta o te irahiko (e whakaatuhia ana i roto i te tere horopeta, te uara horopeta tāpiri rānei), te whānuitanga pūngao o te irahiko, ngā āhuatanga o te rauemi ārai kua whakamāramahia, me te pāmahana taiao. Ko te irahiko te nuinga o te wā ka kino ki ngā rauemi ārai. I roto i ēnei, ko ngā āhuatanga miihini o ngā rauemi ārai waro ka tino pāngia. Ko te horopeta irahiko e whakaaetia ana mō ngā rauemi ārai he 10 ngā roentgen. Heoi, he pai ake te ātete irahiko o ngā rauemi ārai kore-waro, pērā i te quartz me te mika, ka taea te tu atu i te horopeta irahiko e whakaaetia ana neke atu i te 10 ngā roentgen.
Te kaha miihini
Ka taea e ngā kawenga pēhanga nui, te pānga me te wiri te whakararu i ngā wāhanga whakarewa me ngā hanganga whakamarumaru o te motuka.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-12-2025